Geomorphic Processes (Exogenetic & Endogenetic Processes)

Learn the fundamentals of Geomorphic Processes with these detailed and exam-oriented notes designed for Geography, Geology, Earth Science, UPSC, GSI, CSIR NET, and university students.

These notes clearly explain the processes responsible for shaping and modifying the Earth’s surface, including both external and internal geomorphic forces. The content is arranged systematically with definitions, classifications, examples, and easy explanations for better understanding and quick revision.

Topics Covered:

• Meaning and concept of geomorphic processes

• Geomorphic agents and their role

• Mobile agents of erosion and deposition

• Classification of geomorphic processes:

  • Exogenetic (Epigene) processes

  • Endogenetic (Hypogene) processes

  • Extraterrestrial processes

• Gradation and landscape evolution

• Degradation and Aggradation

• Weathering:

  • Disintegration and decomposition of rocks

• Mass wasting:

  • Gravity-driven movement of materials

• Erosion and transporting agents:

  • Running water

  • Groundwater

  • Wind

  • Glaciers

  • Waves, currents, tides & tsunami

• Depositional landforms and aggradational features

• Diastrophism:

  • Orogenic movements

  • Epeirogenic movements

  • Folding, faulting, upliftment & subsidence

• Volcanism:

  • Magma movement and volcanic activity

  • Intrusive and extrusive effects

• Extraterrestrial processes:

  • Meteorite impacts and crater formation

Features of These Notes:

✔ Simple and easy-to-understand language
✔ Well-structured and exam-focused content
✔ Important definitions and classifications included
✔ Helpful for conceptual understanding and revision
✔ Suitable for university exams, NET, UPSC & GSI preparation
✔ Covers both theoretical concepts and geomorphic processes systematically

Perfect study material for Physical Geography, Geomorphology, Earth Science, Environmental Studies, and competitive examinations.