CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026-27: Subject-Wise Guide

The CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2026-27 is the curriculum on which students will be assessed in the 2027 board examinations. CBSE publishes it subject by subject on its Academic Unit website. This page brings the key figures together in one place: unit-wise marks, chapters, practical splits and project details for the main Science and Commerce subjects, plus English Core.

The numbers below are taken from CBSE's own curriculum documents for 2026-27. Several third-party pages list different unit marks, so use this page as a quick reference and confirm against the official curriculum page. For subjects not covered here, such as History, Geography or Political Science, open the official PDF for that subject.

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026-27

Key Changes and Points to Know

• Excluded content is not assessed: The Physics curriculum states that content marked as excluded in the NCERT textbooks for 2026-27 will not be tested in the board examination. Check the exclusion list in your NCERT book before you revise a chapter in full.

• Some topics are formative only: In Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, Polymers and Chemistry in Everyday Life stay in the syllabus but are assessed only formatively. The same applies to Environmental Issues in Biology. Ask your school how these are handled in internal tests.

• Application-based papers: CBSE says board papers will carry more real-life, application-type questions. The core competencies still come from the prescribed syllabus and NCERT textbooks.

• Unit marks differ across websites: Older pages and some aggregators show unit marks from earlier years. Follow the figures in the official 2026-27 documents.

Theory and Practical Marks by Subject

Science Stream Syllabus

Physics (Code 042)

Optics and electromagnetic waves together carry 18 marks, the largest block. The theory paper is split roughly 38% recall and understanding, 32% application and 30% analysis, evaluation and creation. The 30 practical marks are divided as two experiments (7 + 7), practical record (5), one activity (3), investigatory project (3) and viva (5).

Chemistry (Code 043)

Organic chemistry (Haloalkanes through Biomolecules) adds up to 33 marks, nearly half the paper. The 30 practical marks are split into volumetric analysis (8), salt analysis (8), content-based experiment (6), project work (4) and class record with viva (4).

Mathematics (Code 041)

Calculus alone is 35 of 80 marks, so integrals and differential equations deserve steady practice. There is no overall choice in the paper, with about 33% internal choice. Internal assessment of 20 marks comes from periodic tests (10, best two of three) and Mathematics activities (10).

Biology (Code 044)

Genetics and Evolution is the heaviest unit at 20 marks. The 30 practical marks are divided into a major experiment (5), minor experiment (4), slide preparation (5), spotting (7), record and viva (4) and project with viva (5).

Computer Science (Code 083)

Practical marks (30) cover a lab test with a Python program and SQL queries (12), report file (7), project (8) and viva (3).

Commerce Stream Syllabus

Accountancy (Code 055)

Schools may offer Computerised Accounting (20 marks) with practical work (20 marks) in place of Part B and the project. Partnership accounts, covering reconstitution, admission, retirement, death and dissolution, make up nearly half of the theory paper.

Business Studies (Code 054)

Economics (Code 030)

English Core (Code 301)

Internal assessment carries 20 marks: listening (5), speaking (5) and project work (10). The prescribed prose in Flamingo is The Last Lesson, Lost Spring, Deep Water, The Rattrap, Indigo, Poets and Pancakes, The Interview and Going Places. The poems are My Mother at Sixty-Six, Keeping Quiet, A Thing of Beauty, A Roadside Stand and Aunt Jennifer's Tigers. Vistas includes The Third Level, The Tiger King, Journey to the End of the Earth, The Enemy, On the Face of It and Memories of Childhood.

How Practicals, Projects and Internal Assessment Fit In

Every subject above carries 20 or 30 marks outside the written paper, and these marks are usually the easiest to secure. Periodic tests are suggested for July-August, November and December-January, though schools may shift the schedule. The best two scores count toward internal assessment in subjects that use periodic tests.

• Keep the record file current: Science practicals and Computer Science report files are assessed along with a viva, so complete entries as you go.

• Choose the project early: Commerce projects and the English Core project reward steady work across the session rather than a last-month rush.

• Use the viva to revise: Viva questions come from the theory behind your experiment or project, so they double as revision.

How to Cover the Syllabus in a Sensible Order

1. Map marks to chapters first: Rank each subject's units by marks, then give heavy units such as Calculus, Genetics and Evolution, or Partnership Accounts the most early time.

2. Finish NCERT chapters in order: Read the chapter, solve the in-text and end-of-chapter questions, and skip content excluded for 2026-27.

3. Test each unit as you finish it: Short topic tests show weak areas while there is still time to fix them.

4. Move to full papers: Attempt full-length, time-bound papers, review every wrong answer the same day and keep an error log for revision.

Where to Download the Official Syllabus

CBSE lists every Class XII subject PDF under the Senior Secondary curriculum section for 2026-27 on its Academic Unit site, along with the introductory document that explains the scheme of studies. Use the CBSE Academic curriculum page for subject PDFs and cbse.gov.in for circulars.