NEET UG Syllabus 2026: Subject-wise and Unit-wise Topics (NMC)
The NEET UG syllabus is prescribed by the National Medical Commission (NMC) and is followed by the National Testing Agency (NTA) when it sets the paper. It covers Physics, Chemistry and Biology (Botany and Zoology) of Class 11 and Class 12. An updated syllabus was notified through an NMC public notice dated 22 December 2025, which organises the syllabus into 20 units of Physics, 20 units of Chemistry and 10 units of Biology. This page lists the units subject by subject, explains how to approach each subject and shows how to turn the syllabus into a study plan. Read it together with the NEET UG exam pattern and the eligibility criteria.
In this guide
- NEET UG syllabus at a glance
- Physics syllabus (20 units)
- Chemistry syllabus (20 units)
- Biology syllabus (10 units)
- Practical and skill-based topics
- Syllabus changes: what to remember
- How to plan your syllabus coverage
- Practise the syllabus with Testkart
NEET UG syllabus at a glance
| Subject | Units in the updated syllabus | Questions in the paper | Marks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physics | 20 | 45 | 180 |
| Chemistry | 20 | 45 | 180 |
| Biology (Botany and Zoology) | 10 | 90 | 360 |
| Total | 50 | 180 | 720 |
Biology has the fewest units but the most marks. Each Biology unit is therefore large, and each one carries many questions. This is why Biology needs the most detailed reading.
Physics syllabus
The Physics syllabus is spread over Class 11 and Class 12. The units below follow the sequence in the NMC syllabus, and the topics named under each unit are a summary.
| Unit | Topic | Main areas |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Physics and Measurement | Units, dimensions, errors, significant figures |
| 2 | Kinematics | Motion in a straight line, projectile motion, relative velocity |
| 3 | Laws of Motion | Newton's laws, friction, circular motion |
| 4 | Work, Energy and Power | Work-energy theorem, conservation of energy, collisions |
| 5 | Rotational Motion | Centre of mass, torque, moment of inertia, angular momentum |
| 6 | Gravitation | Universal law, gravitational potential, orbital and escape velocity |
| 7 | Properties of Solids and Liquids | Elasticity, viscosity, surface tension, fluid flow, heat transfer |
| 8 | Thermodynamics | Laws of thermodynamics, thermodynamic processes |
| 9 | Kinetic Theory of Gases | Gas laws, degrees of freedom, mean free path |
| 10 | Oscillations and Waves | Simple harmonic motion, wave motion, sound, Doppler effect |
| 11 | Electrostatics | Coulomb's law, electric field, potential, capacitors |
| 12 | Current Electricity | Ohm's law, circuits, Kirchhoff's laws, meters |
| 13 | Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, magnetic materials |
| 14 | Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents | Faraday's and Lenz's laws, AC circuits, transformers |
| 15 | Electromagnetic Waves | Spectrum and properties |
| 16 | Optics | Ray optics, wave optics, optical instruments |
| 17 | Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation | Photoelectric effect, de Broglie waves |
| 18 | Atoms and Nuclei | Atomic models, radioactivity, nuclear reactions |
| 19 | Electronic Devices | Semiconductors, diodes, logic gates |
| 20 | Experimental Skills | Measuring instruments and standard experiments |
How to approach Physics
- Start with Mechanics: Kinematics, laws of motion and work-energy are the base for later units such as rotation and gravitation.
- Do not skip Modern Physics and Electronics: These units are shorter and often easier to score, since they combine formulas with concepts.
- Practise numericals daily: Reading the theory alone will not help. Solve a fixed number of problems every day.
- Maintain a formula and unit sheet: Revise it every week, and before each mock test.
- Use NCERT diagrams: Ray diagrams, circuit diagrams and graphs are frequently used in questions.
Chemistry syllabus
In the updated syllabus, Chemistry is arranged in three groups: Physical Chemistry (units 1 to 8), Inorganic Chemistry (units 9 to 12) and Organic Chemistry (units 13 to 19), with unit 20 for practical chemistry.
| Unit | Topic | Group |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry | Physical |
| 2 | Atomic Structure | Physical |
| 3 | Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure | Physical |
| 4 | Chemical Thermodynamics | Physical |
| 5 | Solutions | Physical |
| 6 | Equilibrium | Physical |
| 7 | Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry | Physical |
| 8 | Chemical Kinetics | Physical |
| 9 | Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties | Inorganic |
| 10 | p-Block Elements | Inorganic |
| 11 | d- and f-Block Elements | Inorganic |
| 12 | Coordination Compounds | Inorganic |
| 13 | Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds | Organic |
| 14 | Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry | Organic |
| 15 | Hydrocarbons | Organic |
| 16 | Organic Compounds Containing Halogens | Organic |
| 17 | Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen | Organic |
| 18 | Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen | Organic |
| 19 | Biomolecules | Organic |
| 20 | Principles Related to Practical Chemistry | Practical |
How to approach Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry needs practice: Solve numericals on mole concept, equilibrium, solutions, electrochemistry and kinetics until the steps become routine.
- Inorganic Chemistry needs repetition: Read NCERT lines, exceptions and trends again and again. Tables and short notes help here.
- Organic Chemistry needs a reaction map: Understand mechanisms and reagents, and draw one reaction chart per functional group.
- Do not neglect the practical unit: Salt analysis, titration and purification principles can be asked as direct questions.
Biology syllabus
Biology has ten units and is examined as Botany (45 questions) and Zoology (45 questions). Botany questions are largely drawn from plant diversity, plant structure, plant physiology, plant reproduction and ecology. Zoology questions are largely drawn from animal diversity, structure, human physiology, human reproduction and human health. Genetics, evolution and biotechnology draw from both.
| Unit | Topic | Main areas |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Diversity of Living Organisms | Classification, plant and animal kingdoms, taxonomy |
| 2 | Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals | Morphology, anatomy, tissues, animal body plans |
| 3 | Cell Structure and Function | Cell organelles, biomolecules, cell cycle and division |
| 4 | Plant Physiology | Photosynthesis, respiration, mineral nutrition, growth |
| 5 | Human Physiology | Digestion, breathing, circulation, excretion, nervous and endocrine systems |
| 6 | Reproduction | Reproduction in plants, animals and humans, reproductive health |
| 7 | Genetics and Evolution | Inheritance, molecular basis of inheritance, evolution |
| 8 | Biology and Human Welfare | Human health and disease, immunity, microbes in welfare |
| 9 | Biotechnology and Its Applications | Principles, tools, applications in health and agriculture |
| 10 | Ecology and Environment | Organisms and populations, ecosystems, biodiversity, conservation |
How to approach Biology
- Read NCERT line by line: Many questions are based on statements, exceptions, examples and diagrams from the book.
- Learn with diagrams and tables: Life cycles, human systems, cell organelles and classification are easier when you can draw or tabulate them.
- Revise in short cycles: Biology is memory-heavy, so revising a unit every 7 to 10 days works better than one long read.
- Link topics: Genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology support each other. Study them in sequence.
- Practise statement-based questions: Assertion-reason and match-the-following types are common in Biology practice.
Practical and skill-based topics
The updated syllabus also lists experimental and practical skills in Physics (unit 20) and Chemistry (unit 20), and skill-based topics in Biology. This does not mean you will perform an experiment in the exam. It means that questions can test what you know about instruments, readings, precautions, observations and results. Include the practical sections of the NCERT textbooks in your revision, especially in the last two months.
Syllabus changes: what to remember
- Use only the current NMC syllabus and the NTA bulletin as the reference for what is in and what is out.
- Older books and notes may include topics that were removed in the past. Check any book against the official list.
- Third-party lists of chapter weightage are estimates from past papers and are not official. Use them only as a rough guide and do not skip a unit because of them.
How to plan your syllabus coverage
The syllabus is large, so a plan is needed. This table shows one practical way to organise a preparation timeline. Adjust it to the time you have.
| Phase | Focus | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Phase 1: Learn | Complete all 50 units once | NCERT reading, class notes, basic problems |
| Phase 2: Practise | Unit-wise questions | Chapter tests, previous-year questions |
| Phase 3: Revise | Weak units and formulas | Revision notes, error notebook |
| Phase 4: Test | Full-length papers | Timed mocks and analysis |
A simple rule is to finish Phase 1 as early as possible and to avoid staying too long in it. Many students keep reading new material until the last month, and then have no time to practise.
Practise the NEET UG syllabus with Testkart
After you finish a unit, test it. Unit-wise and full-length tests show what you have really understood, and they show the topics where you lose marks. You can explore NEET UG mock tests on Testkart to practise in a timed format, and see the NEET UG overview for the complete exam picture.
Teachers can build unit-wise NEET UG tests on Testkart that follow this syllabus, organise them into a test series and share them with students online.
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